Understanding Electrodes

Q: What is the REAL explanation for electrode quality?

The electrodes for clinical and portable physical therapy units conduct the electricity from the unit directly to the skin. The primary components are a lead wire, backing and a gel adhesive. The price of the electrode will often depend on the strength of the lead and the quality of the adhesive.

The conductivity of the lead will determine how much of the electricity of the unit is actually delivered to the patient. Poor quality leads can impede some of the current resulting in weaker therapeutic treatment. High quality leads not only deliver more current but also reduce the risk of electrical burns.

The backing uses a mesh or foam to allow for contouring to irregular areas. They can include a fine wire mesh for increased flexibility and support. The critical connection area is where the lead and the backing attach. Some of the better quality electrodes fortify this area to reduce breakage.

Lower cost gels can discolor or stiffen during storing. Some are designed for moist skin or hypersensitive skin. The gel can also include a silver component for anti-bacterial properties. If using the same clinical electrodes between patients, then having that component is very important. For electrodes that are used only on single patients, the additional cost of silver is not as important.

Q: What is the difference between foam and mesh backings?

The mesh backings tend to be thinner, whereas the foam tends to wear longer if placed in an area under clothing. In reality, it is usually a matter of personal preference.

Q: What size electrodes should I choose?

The most popular size for portable units is 2 x 2 inches. Clinical electrode size will depend on the areas treated. Larger sizes such as 2 x 4 inches are more appropriate for the back, shoulder and hip areas.

Q: How many times can I reuse an electrode?

It is highly variable for how many times a single electrode can be reused. Factors depend on the electrode quality, the hairiness of patients and if the patient used lotions, creams or oils. Basic electrodes can be used over a dozen times without issues. For sanitary reasons, each patient should have their own set of electrodes in the clinic.

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